Nail fungus, also known as onychomycosis, is a common infection that can affect your toenails and fingernails. If you have it, you probably know that it can cause your nails to thicken, change color, and even crumble.
If you don’t treat nail fungus, it can cause pain and discomfort, and it can even spread to other nails or other people. Nobody wants that!
That’s why it is important to find the most effective treatment. This article will provide a comprehensive overview of the maximum strength nail fungus treatment options available, from prescription medications to lifestyle changes and alternative approaches. By the end of this article, you’ll be well-equipped to get your nails healthy and fungus-free.
Understanding Nail Fungus: Diagnosis and Severity
Nail fungus. Just the phrase sounds gross, right? But it’s also pretty common. Here’s what you need to know.
Recognizing the Symptoms
The usual signs of nail fungus include:
- Yellowing or browning of the nail
- Thickening
- Distortion of the nail’s shape
- Brittleness
- Separation from the nail bed
If you notice any of these, it’s a good idea to get it checked out. Early treatment is often more effective and can stop the infection from getting worse.
The Diagnostic Process
So, how do doctors figure out if it’s really nail fungus?
Usually, it starts with a physical exam of the nail. Then, to be sure, they might take a clipping of your nail and send it to a lab. That way, they can confirm if fungus is actually present.
It’s also important to rule out other things that could be causing the nail changes, like psoriasis or some kind of injury.
Maximum strength topical treatments
If you have a light case of nail fungus, your doctor may prescribe a topical treatment, meaning something you apply directly to your nail.
Prescription antifungal nail polishes
Ciclopirox nail lacquer is a topical treatment that you paint directly on the affected nail and the skin around it. It can take months to see results, and you have to be consistent about using it.
Plan to use this kind of nail polish every day for almost a year.
You’ll need to apply the polish to all affected nails every day. Then, once a week, you’ll remove the buildup with alcohol. Side effects are usually mild and only affect the area where you’re applying the medication.
Prescription antifungal creams and solutions
Efinaconazole and tavaborole are newer topical medications for nail fungus that you apply directly to the affected nail.
These medications stop the fungus from growing. They also tend to penetrate the nail better than older medications.
Enhancing topical treatment effectiveness
Thinning your nail allows the medication to penetrate more deeply and work more effectively.
You can thin your nail by filing it regularly or by using urea-containing creams to soften the nail before applying the medication.
Oral antifungal medications: A systemic approach
If topical treatments don’t work, your doctor may suggest oral antifungal drugs.
Common oral antifungals
Terbinafine (Lamisil) and itraconazole are common oral medications that kill the fungus from the inside out. Read more about toenail fungus treatment with Lamisil.
You’ll probably need to take the medication for several weeks or months. Because of the potential for side effects, your doctor will likely want to monitor your liver function during that time.
Potential side effects and interactions
Oral antifungals can have side effects, including:
- liver damage
- gastrointestinal problems
- skin rashes
It’s very important to talk to your doctor about all the medications you’re taking because oral antifungals can interact with other drugs.
Considerations for specific groups
Oral antifungal drugs may be less effective for older adults. According to one study, “Treatment success rates with these drugs appear to be lower in adults over age 65.”
Your doctor will also want to know about your overall health and any other medical conditions you have. In some cases, oral antifungals may not be safe for you.
Surgical Options for Severe Cases
In the most severe cases, where other treatments have failed, your doctor might recommend removing the nail entirely. This is generally a last resort.
Surgical removal involves detaching the nail from the nail bed, and it can take weeks to recover. There’s also chemical nail removal, where a urea paste softens the nail, making it easier to remove.
Lifestyle adjustments and home remedies
You can take care of your nails and supplement medical treatment with a few simple practices.
Promoting nail health
Prioritize good nail hygiene. Keep your nails clean and dry, and trim them regularly. These steps help prevent fungal growth.
Wear breathable socks and shoes. Choose socks made of moisture-wicking materials, and choose shoes that allow air to circulate. Moisture creates conditions where fungus thrives, so reducing moisture helps keep fungus away.
Exploring home remedies
Some people have success treating nail fungus with tea tree oil. Some research shows that tea tree oil has anti-fungal effects, and you can buy creams and ointments that include tea tree oil as an ingredient.
Some people also try vinegar soaks. Vinegar may help stop fungus from growing, but it isn’t a substitute for medical treatment. If you’re considering home remedies, it’s always a good idea to talk with a doctor first.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can you buy tolnaftate over the counter?
Yes, tolnaftate is an antifungal medication that you can typically find over-the-counter in various forms, like creams, powders, and sprays. While it can be helpful for some mild fungal infections, it might not be strong enough for more severe nail fungus cases. Always follow the product’s instructions carefully.
What happens if you have toenail fungus for too long?
Ignoring toenail fungus for an extended period can lead to several problems. The infection can worsen, causing the nail to thicken, crumble, and potentially separate from the nail bed. It can also spread to other nails or even the skin. Plus, it can become more difficult to treat the longer you wait.
How do I get rid of nail fungus ASAP?
While there’s no instant cure for nail fungus, the quickest approach usually involves prescription oral antifungal medications. These are more effective than topical treatments but require a doctor’s evaluation due to potential side effects. Consistent use of a maximum strength topical treatment can also help, but patience is key.
How do podiatrists treat severe toenail fungus?
Podiatrists have several options for treating severe toenail fungus. They may prescribe oral antifungal medications, perform nail debridement (removing infected portions of the nail), or use laser therapy. In some cases, surgical removal of the nail might be recommended.
Should I cut my toenail off if it has fungus?
You shouldn’t attempt to cut off your entire toenail yourself if it has a fungus. For expert advice, read about safe trimming practices for fungus toenails. This can lead to complications like infection or improper nail growth. A podiatrist can safely remove parts of the infected nail (debridement) if necessary as part of a treatment plan.
Closing Thoughts
It’s important to see a doctor to get a proper diagnosis and treatment plan for nail fungus. The strongest treatments include prescription medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes.
If you think you have nail fungus, talk to a doctor, and stick to the treatment plan they recommend. With the right care, you can beat nail fungus and get healthy nails again.