Undecylenic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid that comes from castor oil. It’s often used in creams and ointments to treat fungal infections like athlete’s foot and nail fungus.
We are learning more and more about the importance of the gut microbiome. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in digestion, immunity, nutrient absorption, and overall health. The bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microorganisms that live in your gut help keep you healthy.
So, does undecylenic acid kill good bacteria? Does it disrupt the balance of microorganisms in the gut when it’s used topically, or taken as a supplement?
This article explores the evidence about whether undecylenic acid negatively impacts beneficial gut bacteria.
What is undecylenic acid?
Let’s dive into what undecylenic acid is and how it works. This will help us understand its potential impact on both good and bad bacteria.
Chemical properties and source
Undecylenic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid, meaning it’s a type of fat with a specific chemical structure. It’s naturally derived from castor oil through a distillation process.
As an antifungal, undecylenic acid works by disrupting the cell membranes of fungi, which inhibits their growth and ability to reproduce. It may also interfere with how fungi metabolize nutrients.
How it’s used
Undecylenic acid is typically administered in two ways: topically (applied to the skin) or orally (taken by mouth).
When applied topically, very little undecylenic acid is absorbed into the bloodstream. Oral administration may lead to higher concentrations of the acid in the digestive tract.
This difference in absorption is important when considering whether undecylenic acid kills good bacteria. If it’s mainly concentrated in the gut, it could potentially affect the gut microbiome.
The gut microbiome: Composition and function
Your gut is home to a vast and varied community of microorganisms. We’re talking bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea all coexisting in a complex ecosystem.
The gut microbiome is mostly bacteria, with two major groups, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, dominating the scene. Within these groups, you’ll find many different species, some helpful and some not so much.
It’s important to nurture the beneficial bacteria in your gut, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These friendly bacteria produce essential vitamins (like vitamin K and B vitamins) and ferment dietary fibers into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have many health benefits.
The gut microbiome plays essential roles in:
- Digestion and nutrient absorption
- Modulating your immune system
- Protecting you against pathogens
- Producing beneficial metabolites
So, taking care of your gut microbiome is essential for overall health and well-being.
How antifungals change your gut microbiome
The gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of bacteria and fungi that lives in your digestive tract.
Broad-spectrum versus narrow-spectrum antifungals
Some antifungals are broad-spectrum and kill a wide range of fungal species, including beneficial fungi. Other antifungals are narrow-spectrum and target only particular species of fungi. Undecylenic acid is considered a narrow-spectrum antifungal, especially when compared to prescription antifungals.
Dysbiosis
When the gut microbiome becomes imbalanced, it’s called dysbiosis. Dysbiosis can cause digestive issues, weaken the immune system, and cause other health issues.
Antifungals can lead to dysbiosis by killing off beneficial bacteria along with targeted fungi. That can create an environment where opportunistic pathogens thrive.
Specific bacteria affected
Which beneficial bacteria are most vulnerable to the effects of antifungals?
Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species are two groups of bacteria that are important for your gut health. Lactobacillus helps your body digest food, absorb nutrients, and fight off “bad” organisms that might cause diseases. Bifidobacteria also help with digestion and are thought to help boost the immune system.
Undecylenic acid and its selectivity: Does it harm good bacteria?
If you’re thinking about using undecylenic acid, you’re probably wondering if it will hurt the good bacteria in your gut along with the bad. Here’s what the research says about undecylenic acid’s effects on bacteria.
Research on undecylenic acid’s effects on bacteria
Scientists measure how well a substance like undecylenic acid kills bacteria by finding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MIC is the lowest concentration of a substance needed to stop a particular kind of bacteria from growing. Some research suggests that undecylenic acid is more toxic to fungi than it is to bacteria, but more research is needed.
The findings are sometimes conflicting or inconclusive, so more research is needed to know for sure.
Concentration and dosage
How much undecylenic acid you use and how you use it affect how it impacts your gut bacteria. Higher concentrations are more likely to throw off the balance of bacteria in your gut. If you put it on your skin, less of it is likely to get into your system than if you swallow it.
It’s important to follow dosage recommendations carefully.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does fungus thrive in acid or alkaline environments?
Fungi generally prefer slightly acidic environments. While they can tolerate a range of pH levels, they tend to grow best when the pH is between 5 and 6. This is why maintaining a balanced pH is important in preventing fungal overgrowth.
Which is better for toenail fungus, tolnaftate or undecylenic acid?
Undecylenic acid is often preferred for toenail fungus due to its natural antifungal properties and ability to penetrate the nail bed. Tolnaftate is another antifungal, but undecylenic acid is generally considered more effective for stubborn infections.
Can you take undecylenic acid long term?
Undecylenic acid is generally considered safe for long-term use when taken as directed. However, it’s always best to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any long-term supplement regimen to ensure it’s appropriate for your individual needs and health conditions.
Is undecylenic acid a biofilm disruptor?
While undecylenic acid has antifungal properties, its effectiveness as a biofilm disruptor is still being researched. Some studies suggest it may help weaken fungal biofilms, making them more susceptible to treatment, but more conclusive evidence is needed.
What are the side effects of undecylenic acid tablets?
Undecylenic acid tablets are generally well-tolerated, but some people may experience mild side effects such as nausea, stomach upset, or diarrhea. In rare cases, allergic reactions may occur. If you experience any adverse effects, discontinue use and consult with your healthcare provider.
Summary
Does undecylenic acid kill good bacteria? The research is limited. It’s possible that using undecylenic acid, especially when taken orally, could disrupt the balance of bacteria in your gut. This is called dysbiosis, and it can lead to digestive issues and other health problems.
If you’re using undecylenic acid, especially internally, it’s a good idea to take steps to support your gut health. You might consider taking a probiotic supplement or eating a diet rich in fiber and fermented foods. If you have concerns, talk with your doctor or a registered dietitian.