If you have ever experienced an unpleasant odor coming from your toenails, you’re not alone. It’s a common problem that can be embarrassing and even a little concerning. But, there’s no need to panic. In most cases, the odor is a sign of something easily treatable.
Often, that “cheese smell” under toenails is a symptom of a fungal infection, also known as onychomycosis. Fungal infections thrive in dark, moist places like the inside of your shoes. If you don’t wear socks or you wear the same shoes every day, you’re creating the perfect environment for a fungal infection to take hold.
This article will walk you through the possible causes of that toenail odor, how to identify a potential infection, what your treatment options are, and how to prevent the problem from recurring. Let’s get started!
Why does the underside of toenails smell bad?
That cheesy smell under your toenails? It’s probably not the finest parmesan. More likely, it’s due to an overgrowth of fungus and bacteria.
The role of fungi
Fungi love dark, moist environments. The space under your toenail is pretty much the perfect place for them to thrive.
When fungi metabolize, they produce waste products. Keratin is the protein that makes up your nails, and when fungi break it down, the waste products they release can cause a pretty funky smell.
Bacterial involvement
Bacteria can make the odor problem even worse. They often show up alongside fungal infections.
Fungal infections can weaken your nails, making them more vulnerable to other infections, like bacterial ones.
Other contributing factors
The main culprits behind toenail odor are fungi and bacteria. But certain habits can make it worse.
If you don’t wash and dry your feet well, it can create a breeding ground for microbes.
Dirt, dead skin cells, and other gunk can build up under your nails and start to decompose.
How Can I Tell If I Have a Fungal Skin or Nail Infection?
If your toenails smell like cheese, the culprit is likely a fungal or bacterial infection. Here’s what to look for:
- Discoloration of the nail: Watch for changes in nail color, like white, yellow, greenish-black, or brown.
- Thickening of the nail: Fungal infections can cause the nail to get thicker, making it hard to trim.
- Changes in nail texture: The nail may become brittle, crumbly, or chalky.
- Distorted nail shape: The nail might become misshapen or even lift away from the nail bed.
- Foul odor: A noticeable, unpleasant smell coming from the nail is a big clue.
- Pain or discomfort: Sometimes, but not always, you might feel pain or discomfort, especially when you put pressure on the toe.
- Athlete’s foot connection: Check between your toes for signs of athlete’s foot (itching, scaling, redness), since it can easily spread to the nails.
If you notice any of these signs, it’s time to talk to your doctor or a podiatrist.
How does it develop, and why?
Foot odor is no fun, and when it comes from under your toenails, you may wonder what you did to deserve that. Here are some of the most common causes of fungal nail infections:
- Exposure to fungi in public places. Walking around barefoot in communal areas, such as swimming pools, gyms, and locker rooms, can lead to fungal infections.
- Injury to the nail. Trauma to the nail can create an entry point for fungi. For example, all the pounding of running a marathon can damage the nails.
- Poor foot hygiene. If you don’t wash and dry your feet thoroughly, you may be asking for foot odor.
- Tight-fitting shoes and socks. These create a warm, moist environment that’s perfect for fungal growth.
Some risk factors can also make you more likely to get a fungal nail infection:
- Age. Older adults are more susceptible to foot odor.
- Diabetes. People with diabetes have a higher risk of fungal infections.
- Weakened immune system. If your immune system isn’t working well, it’s harder to fight off infection.
What are the main types of fungal nail infection?
Fungal nail infections are more common than you might think, and there are several different ways they can show up.
Distal Lateral Subungual Onychomycosis (DLSO)
This is the most common type of fungal nail infection. It affects the nail bed and the underside of the nail plate, usually starting at the edge of the nail. You’ll likely see discoloration, thickening, and crumbling of the nail.
Superficial Onychomycosis (SO)
SO affects the top layer of the nail plate. This type shows up as white or yellowish spots on the nail surface. The good news is that because it’s on the surface, it’s usually easier to treat than other types of fungal infections.
Total Dystrophic Onychomycosis (TDO)
TDO is the most severe form of onychomycosis. It causes the entire nail to become thickened, deformed, and discolored. This is often what happens when DLSO goes untreated or just keeps coming back.
Proximal Subungual Onychomycosis (PSO)
PSO starts at the base of the nail, near the cuticle. It’s more common in people with weakened immune systems. With PSO, the nail can start to separate from the nail bed, which isn’t just unsightly, it can also be painful.
Why should I treat it?
Okay, so you’ve got a funky cheese smell wafting up from your toes. Beyond the obvious “ew” factor, there are some really good reasons to tackle that toenail cheese head-on:
- Stop the spread: Fungal infections are contagious little buggers. They can jump to other nails, your skin, or even to someone else.
- Relieve the ick: Nobody wants painful, uncomfortable, or embarrassing toenails. Treatment can help with all of that.
- Avoid a secondary infection: An untreated fungal infection can open the door to a bacterial infection, which is never fun.
- Get your nails looking normal again: Treatment can help restore your nails to a healthier, more natural-looking state.
Ideally, you should talk to your doctor or a podiatrist before you start treating your toenails. They can properly diagnose the issue and recommend the best course of action.
How do I treat it?
If you’ve got that “cheese smell” going on under your toenails, you’re probably dealing with a fungal infection. Here’s what you can do about it:
Topical treatments
For mild to moderate infections (affecting less than 40% of the nail), you can use antifungal creams and lacquers. You apply these directly to the nail. One example is Lamisil. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about what’s right for you.
Oral medications
If the whole nail is affected, your doctor may prescribe systemic antifungals that you take orally. These are more powerful, but they come with potential side effects. Liver damage is a concern, so your doctor will need to monitor you closely.
Nail removal
In really severe cases, the nail might need to be removed completely. This allows you to apply antifungal medication directly to the nail bed. I know, it sounds extreme, but sometimes it’s necessary.
Laser therapy
Laser therapy is a newer treatment option where a laser targets the fungus. The jury’s still out on how effective it is, but it’s something to discuss with your doctor.
Patience and persistence
No matter which treatment you choose, remember that it takes time to get rid of a toenail fungus. Treatment can take months or even a year! Toenails grow slowly, so you have to wait for the healthy nail to replace the infected one. Don’t get discouraged if you don’t see results right away. Just keep at it!
How can I prevent fungal nail and skin infections?
Once you finally get rid of the cheese smell under your toenails, you’ll want to do everything you can to avoid having it happen again. Here’s how to prevent fungal nail and skin infections from coming back:
Foot Hygiene
- Wash your feet every day with soap and water, and dry them well, especially between your toes.
- Keep your toenails short, clean, and dry.
- Sanitize your nail clippers and other tools after each use.
Proper Footwear and Socks
- Wear socks made of breathable fabric, like cotton or wool.
- Change your socks every day, and more often if they get damp.
- Choose shoes that let your feet breathe.
- Don’t wear the same pair of shoes every day. Give them a chance to dry out between wearings.
- Spray your shoes with an antifungal spray.
Avoid Walking Barefoot in Public Places
- Wear sandals or shoes in communal areas like swimming pools, gyms, and locker rooms.
Treat Athlete’s Foot Promptly
- Athlete’s foot can easily spread to your nails, so start treating it right away.
Other Preventative Measures
- Don’t share nail clippers, files, or other personal items.
- Manage any chronic conditions you have, like diabetes.
- Check your feet regularly for signs of infection.
- Use antifungal nail lacquer or cream once a month as a preventative measure.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does it stink when I cut my toenails?
That “cheese” smell when you cut your toenails typically comes from bacteria and fungi thriving in the warm, moist environment under your nails. These microorganisms break down dead skin cells and nail debris, releasing smelly compounds as a byproduct. It’s a sign that you might have a build-up of gunk or even a mild fungal infection.
How do you get rid of smelly stuff under your toenails?
Regular cleaning is key! Soak your feet in warm water with Epsom salts or antibacterial soap, but for a different approach, you may be interested in a Japanese toenail fungus cure recipe. Gently scrub under your toenails with a soft brush. Dry thoroughly and apply an antifungal cream or tea tree oil. Keep your feet clean and dry to prevent future buildup. If the smell persists, see a podiatrist.
Does hydrogen peroxide get rid of toenail fungus?
Hydrogen peroxide has some antifungal properties, but it’s generally not considered a highly effective treatment for toenail fungus. It might help with mild cases or as part of a broader treatment plan, but it’s unlikely to eliminate a full-blown fungal infection on its own. Prescription or over-the-counter antifungals are usually more potent.
Will nail salons do nails with fungus?
Reputable nail salons should refuse to work on nails with visible signs of fungus. Applying artificial nails or polish over a fungal infection can trap moisture and worsen the condition. It also poses a risk of spreading the infection to other clients. Prioritize treating the fungus before getting a pedicure.
Can toenail fungus go away on its own?
Unfortunately, toenail fungus rarely disappears without treatment. It’s a persistent infection that typically requires antifungal medication or topical treatments to eradicate. Ignoring it can lead to the infection spreading, thickening of the nail, and even pain. Early treatment is always best!
Closing Thoughts
Toenail odor and fungal infections can be a real problem. Taking care of the issue can help you keep your feet healthy and improve your overall well-being.
Preventing toenail issues comes down to taking care of your feet, catching problems early, and being consistent with your foot care routine.
If you think you might have a fungal nail infection, it’s always best to see a doctor or podiatrist. They can diagnose the problem and help you find the right treatment to get rid of the infection and keep your feet healthy.