Seeing vertical ridges on your toenails is usually no big deal, but sometimes they can be a sign that something’s up with your health. In other words, seeing vertical ridges on toenails (pictures below!) is common, so don’t panic, but also don’t ignore them.
This article will give you the lowdown on what these ridges mean, what might be causing them, and when you should see a doctor about them. We’ll mainly be talking about vertical ridges, but we’ll also touch on horizontal ridges (called Beau’s lines) to help you tell the difference.
What are vertical ridges on toenails?
Vertical ridges on toenails are lines that run up and down, from the cuticle to the tip of the nail. They’re sometimes called longitudinal striations or bands.
Here’s the good news: Vertical ridges are common, especially as you get older.
However, it’s important to be able to tell the difference between vertical and horizontal ridges. Horizontal ridges, also known as Beau’s lines, are depressions that run across the nail. Horizontal ridges can be a sign of a health issue, so you’ll want to talk with a doctor if you notice them.
The next section discusses the possible causes of vertical ridges.
What causes vertical ridges on toenails?
If you’ve ever looked closely at your toenails and noticed ridges running from the base of the nail to the tip, you’re not alone. Vertical ridges are a common nail condition, and most of the time, they’re nothing to worry about.
Aging
The most common reason for vertical ridges is simply getting older. The nail matrix, where the cells that make up your nails are produced, can get thinner over time. This can lead to vertical ridges.
In most cases, ridges caused by aging are harmless and don’t require any treatment.
Trauma or Injury
If you’ve injured your toenail, such as by stubbing it or dropping something on it, you may develop vertical ridges. If you’ve had a nail injury, keep an eye on it. If it seems severe, or if the ridges are very pronounced, it’s always a good idea to see a doctor for advice.
Other Potential Causes
Sometimes, dry nails can make vertical ridges more noticeable. Also, some people are just more likely to get them because it runs in their family.
Vertical ridges and potential health implications
Most of the time, vertical ridges are just a normal part of getting older. But sometimes, they can point to an underlying health issue.
Nutritional deficiencies
Sometimes, a lack of certain nutrients, like iron, can cause changes in your nails, including vertical ridges. If you have other symptoms along with the ridges, it’s worth talking to your doctor about possible nutritional deficiencies.
Underlying medical conditions
In rare cases, vertical ridges can be linked to certain medical conditions. If you notice other symptoms along with the nail changes, it’s important to get a medical evaluation. Your doctor might order blood or urine tests to help figure out what’s going on.
When to seek medical advice
If you see significant or concerning changes in your nails, such as what might be a fungus, toenail hematoma, or even melanoma, it’s always a good idea to talk to a doctor to protect your health. Pay attention to any other symptoms you might have along with the nail changes. If the changes aren’t related to an injury, a dermatologist can help you figure out what’s causing them.
Caring for nails with vertical ridges
If you’re bothered by the look of vertical ridges, or perhaps dealing with something like toenail fungus and looking to hide it with nail polish (especially for men), there are some steps you can take to improve their appearance.
- Moisturize: Keeping your nails moisturized can help minimize the appearance of those ridges.
- Gentle buffing: If you want to try to buff them away, be very gentle, and be sure to moisturize afterward. Getting professional advice is crucial before you try this at home.
- Avoid harsh chemicals: Wear gloves when you’re doing dishes or cleaning to limit your exposure to harsh chemicals and detergents.
- Biotin supplements: Some people swear that biotin helps, but the research is still up in the air.
Frequently Asked Questions
What do B12 deficiency nails look like?
B12 deficiency can manifest in various nail changes. Nails might become brittle, darkened, or develop bluish discoloration. You may also see darkened nail beds, and in some cases, longitudinal (vertical) dark streaks may appear.
What do nails look like with thyroid problems?
Thyroid problems can significantly impact nail health. Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) can cause slow nail growth, brittle nails that split easily, and a yellowish hue. Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can sometimes lead to Plummer’s nails, where the nail separates from the nail bed.
Can vitamin D deficiency cause nail ridges?
While not a primary symptom, severe vitamin D deficiency could contribute to nail abnormalities, including ridges. More commonly, vitamin D deficiency is linked to bone and muscle issues. It’s always best to have a blood test to confirm a deficiency and discuss supplementation with your doctor.
What vitamin deficiency causes vertical lines in toenails?
Vertical ridges are very common and usually just a sign of aging. While they can sometimes be associated with deficiencies, it’s not typically one specific vitamin. However, deficiencies in iron, zinc, or certain B vitamins have been linked to nail problems in general. If you’re concerned, a blood test can help identify any deficiencies.
What do bad liver nails look like?
Liver disease can cause several nail changes, including Terry’s nails, where the nail is mostly white with a narrow band of pink or brown at the tip. Beau’s lines (horizontal grooves) can also appear, as well as clubbing of the fingers in severe cases. If you notice these changes, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional.
Putting It All Together
Toenails that have vertical ridges are usually just a sign that you’re getting older, and they’re generally nothing to worry about. However, if you notice the free edge of your nail growing down, it’s good to understand the causes and know when to worry. But it’s still a good idea to pay attention to your nails and keep an eye out for any changes. If you’re worried about your nails, talk to your doctor.