What is toenail fungus?
Toenail fungus, also known as onychomycosis, is a common infection that affects the toenails. When you have a toenail fungal infection, one or more of your toenails will likely be discolored, thick, and possibly crumbly. It can happen to anyone at any age, but it’s most common in older adults.
Why should you care about toenail fungus?
Toenail fungus isn’t just a cosmetic issue. It is a persistent condition that requires treatment to prevent it from spreading to other nails and other parts of your body. A toenail fungal infection can also cause pain and discomfort, especially when wearing shoes. And, of course, many people feel self-conscious about the appearance of their affected toenails.
How can you eliminate toenail fungus?
There are a variety of treatments available for toenail fungus, ranging from prescription medications to over-the-counter remedies and home treatments. If you are considering using acetone, you may want to research what else works instead. Because these infections can be stubborn, it is important to explore all of your options and understand which treatments may be most effective for your particular situation. This guide will provide you with a comprehensive overview of available treatments and preventive measures to help you find the best fungus eliminator for your toenail care needs.
Understanding toenail fungus
Toenail fungus is a common condition that can affect anyone. It’s important to understand what causes it, what the symptoms are, and how it’s diagnosed so you can take steps to prevent and treat it.
Causes and risk factors
Toenail fungus is usually caused by microscopic organisms called dermatophytes. Other fungi, like yeasts and molds, can also be responsible.
Here are some factors that can increase your risk of developing toenail fungus:
- Poor foot hygiene
- Walking barefoot in public places like swimming pools or locker rooms
- Wearing tight or non-breathable shoes
- Having a nail injury or skin condition like psoriasis
- Having diabetes or a weakened immune system
Symptoms and identification
Common signs of toenail fungus include:
- Yellowish or brownish discoloration of the nail
- Thickening and distortion of the nail
- Brittle, crumbly, or ragged edges
- Separation of the nail from the nail bed
- Pain or discomfort (in severe cases)
Seeking a diagnosis
If you suspect you have toenail fungus, it’s important to see a doctor or podiatrist for a proper diagnosis. They can tell the difference between toenail fungus and other conditions that may look similar.
To diagnose toenail fungus, your doctor may:
- Physically examine the nail
- Take nail clippings or scrapings for laboratory testing to confirm the presence of fungus
Prescription toenail fungus treatments
If over-the-counter treatments don’t work, your doctor may prescribe a stronger medication to get rid of toenail fungus.
Oral antifungal medications
Oral medications like terbinafine and itraconazole are commonly prescribed. You’ll take them by mouth.
These medications work by stopping the fungus from growing. You may need to take them for 12 weeks, but it can take 10 months or longer to see the fungus completely disappear.
It’s important to know that oral antifungal medications can cause side effects like liver problems and nausea. Because of the potential for side effects, you’ll need to be under a doctor’s supervision and have regular checkups.
Topical prescription antifungal treatments
Topical treatments like ciclopirox and efinaconazole are also available by prescription, as is Econazole Nitrate Cream, which can treat nail fungus effectively. You apply them directly to the nail.
These medications work by killing the fungus. It may take a year of daily use before you see the fungus go away.
While topical treatments have fewer side effects than oral medications, they may not be as effective for severe infections. You’ll need to be patient and apply the medication consistently.
Antifungal nail polish
This medicated nail polish contains antifungal agents that can help kill the fungus.
However, studies show that antifungal nail polish is much less effective than taking pills. It may be used in combination with other treatments.
Over-the-Counter (OTC) Toenail Fungus Treatments
If you’re dealing with toenail fungus, you might first consider trying an over-the-counter treatment. These are available without a prescription and come in several forms, including antifungal creams, gels, and sprays.
Many of these products contain ingredients like tolnaftate or undecylenic acid, which are designed to kill fungus. They’re best for mild cases of toenail fungus, but they often take longer to show results than prescription treatments.
The key to success with OTC treatments is consistent application and carefully following the product instructions. However, keep in mind that these treatments may not always penetrate the nail effectively to reach the underlying infection. For that reason, they’re generally not recommended for severe or deep-seated infections.
When choosing an OTC treatment, look for products specifically designed for toenail fungus. You can also use them alongside other treatments to boost your chances of success.
Alternative treatments: Nail removal and laser therapy
If topical and oral medications don’t get rid of your toenail fungus, your doctor may recommend other approaches.
Nail removal
In cases of severe or persistent infection, one option is to remove all or part of the infected nail. This can be done surgically or chemically.
Surgical removal
A doctor can surgically remove the infected nail completely or cut away the diseased part of the nail. This may be a good choice for deep or long-lasting infections.
Chemical avulsion
Chemical avulsion is a nonsurgical option that uses a chemical to dissolve the infected nail over several weeks.
Post-removal care
After nail removal, it’s very important to keep the area clean and dry to prevent further infection. A new nail can take many months to grow back.
Laser treatment
Another way to treat toenail fungus is with laser therapy.
How it works
Laser treatment uses laser energy to kill the fungus. It sounds like a great option, but the American Academy of Dermatology says more research is needed to know whether it is safe and effective.
Effectiveness
Studies on laser treatment are mixed. Some show promise, but more research is needed to determine if it’s a reliable, long-term solution.
Considerations
Laser treatment can be expensive, and it may require multiple sessions to see results.
Toenail Fungus Home Remedies
While prescription and over-the-counter treatments for toenail fungus exist, some people prefer to try home remedies first. Here are a few options to consider:
- Tea Tree Oil: Tea tree oil is known to have antifungal properties; consider exploring a DIY antifungal essential oil blend recipe for a safe and effective option. You can apply it directly to the affected nail, but studies show mixed results regarding its effectiveness.
- Vicks VapoRub: Believe it or not, Vicks VapoRub contains ingredients with antifungal properties. Apply a small amount to the affected nail. While there’s no hard science to back it up, some people swear it helps.
- Apple Cider Vinegar: Some believe that apple cider vinegar can inhibit fungal growth. Try soaking your foot in a diluted solution of apple cider vinegar and water.
- Baking Soda: One study showed that applying baking soda to toenail samples for seven days stopped fungal growth in 79% of cases and reduced it in 17% of cases. You can use it as a foot soak or make a paste to apply to the nail.
- Other Remedies: Snakeroot extract, garlic, and oregano oil are other home remedies that some people use for toenail fungus.
Important Note: Before trying any home remedies, talk to your doctor, especially if you’re already using prescription medications. Home remedies may be used in combination with prescription medications, but it’s always best to check with your doctor first.
Preventing Recurrence: Long-Term Toenail Care
Okay, so you’ve kicked that fungus to the curb. Now what? The key is to be proactive and prevent it from coming back. Here’s how to keep those toenails healthy and fungus-free:
Maintaining Foot Hygiene
Keep those feet clean and dry! Wash your feet daily with soap and water. I know it sounds obvious, but it’s the foundation of good foot health.
Proper Nail Care
Trim your toenails short and straight across, and for goodness’ sake, don’t rip them! Soak your nails in warm water before trimming to soften them up and make the process easier.
Choosing the Right Footwear
Your shoes need to breathe! Wear shoes that aren’t too tight and allow air circulation. Change your shoes and socks daily to prevent moisture buildup.
Public Hygiene
Wear shower shoes in public areas like gyms and pools. Make sure your nail salon sanitizes their tools properly (don’t be afraid to ask!). And at home, always clean your nail clippers after each use.
Toenail Fungus Treatment Side Effects
Like any medication or procedure, toenail fungus treatments can come with side effects. It’s important to be aware of these and discuss them with your doctor before starting any treatment.
- Oral medications: Oral antifungal medications can potentially cause liver damage, so your doctor will likely monitor your liver function with blood tests. You might also experience gastrointestinal problems like nausea or develop a skin rash.
- Topical treatments: Creams and lacquers can sometimes cause skin irritation, redness, or a burning sensation around the nail.
- Nail removal: Removing the nail, either chemically or surgically, can be painful. It also carries a risk of infection.
Important: Always talk to your doctor about the possible side effects of any treatment. And if you notice any unusual symptoms while you’re being treated for toenail fungus, be sure to report them to your doctor right away.
Toenail Fungus Treatment FAQs
You’ve got questions about toenail fungus, and we’ve got answers:
- How long does it take to cure toenail fungus?
- Be patient! It can take anywhere from six months to a year and a half to see your nail return to normal.
- Can toenail fungus spread to other parts of the body?
- Yes, it can! If you don’t treat it, it can spread to other nails and even other parts of your body.
- Can I use nail polish to cover up toenail fungus?
- It’s best to avoid nail polish while you’re treating toenail fungus.
- What if the fungus returns after treatment?
- If you think your fungus is back, see a doctor.
Closing Thoughts
Toenail fungus can cause serious problems if it isn’t treated. The sooner you address it, the better.
Often, the most effective approach involves combining prescription medications with over-the-counter treatments and home remedies.
Taking good care of your feet and nails is crucial for preventing toenail fungus from coming back.
If you think you have toenail fungus, it’s always a good idea to talk to a doctor to get a diagnosis and discuss the best treatment options for you.