Terbinafine is a medication prescribed to treat fungal infections, especially infections of the fingernails and toenails (onychomycosis), but other treatments such as Emoninail are also available.
Like all medications, Terbinafine carries the risk of side effects. While many people who take this antifungal medication experience only mild and temporary side effects, such as headaches or stomach upset, others may experience more serious or long-lasting issues. It’s important to be aware of these possibilities before starting treatment.
This article will provide an overview of the side effects that have been associated with Terbinafine, including the more common, the most serious, and the potential for long-term effects. You’ll also find information on when and how to seek medical attention if you experience an adverse reaction while taking Terbinafine.
Here’s what you need to know about what are the worst side effects of Terbinafine.
How Terbinafine Works and What It’s For
Terbinafine is an antifungal medication that’s often prescribed to treat nail fungus. Here’s how it works:
How Terbinafine Works
Terbinafine damages the cell structure of fungi, preventing their growth and eventually killing them. It targets ergosterol synthesis, an important part of fungal cell membranes.
Common Uses
Terbinafine is mainly used for onychomycosis, or fungal nail infections. Sometimes, it’s also used for other fungal infections of the skin and hair.
How to Take Terbinafine
Terbinafine is typically taken by mouth in 250 mg tablets. How long you need to take it depends on how severe your infection is and how well you respond to the medication.
Common side effects of terbinafine: What to expect
Terbinafine, like any medication, comes with the potential for side effects. It’s worth noting that not everyone experiences them, and many are mild. Here’s a rundown of the more common ones, affecting more than 1 in 100 people:
- Skin reactions: You might notice some peeling, itching, or a rash.
- Gastrointestinal issues: Think diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, an upset stomach, or indigestion. Not fun, but usually manageable.
- Other side effects: Headaches, loss of appetite, changes in your sense of taste, muscle or joint pain, and even a little dizziness can occur.
So, how do you handle these common nuisances? Here are some tips:
- Skin reactions: Avoid clothes that rub or irritate your skin. Resist the urge to scratch – pat instead! Over-the-counter antihistamines can also provide relief.
- Headaches: Rest in a quiet, dark room, drink plenty of fluids, and avoid alcohol.
- Diarrhea: The most important thing is to stay hydrated. Drink plenty of water, clear broths, or electrolyte solutions.
- Nausea: Skip the rich or spicy foods for a while, and try eating smaller meals more frequently.
- Stomach ache: Eat slowly and try to eat smaller meals.
Important: If any of these side effects become severe or just won’t go away, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. Don’t try to tough it out or self-treat severe or unusual symptoms without getting professional advice. They can help you determine if the side effects are manageable or if another course of action is needed.
What are the most serious side effects of terbinafine? When should I get immediate medical attention?
Terbinafine is a prescription drug that can successfully treat fungal infections of the nails and skin. However, it can also have some serious side effects.
Here are the most serious of those, and when to seek immediate medical help.
Liver Damage (Hepatotoxicity)
In rare cases, terbinafine can cause liver damage, which is also known as hepatotoxicity. That’s why doctors often order liver function tests before you start taking the medication, and also during treatment.
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to seek immediate medical attention:
- Yellowing of your eyes or skin (jaundice)
- Dark urine
- Pale-colored stools
- Persistent nausea
- Abdominal pain
Severe Allergic Reactions
Terbinafine can cause severe allergic reactions. The most serious of these is anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Symptoms of anaphylaxis include:
- Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
- Difficulty breathing
- Dizziness
- Loss of consciousness
Another severe drug reaction that can occur is Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS).
Skin Reactions
In rare cases, people taking terbinafine have experienced severe skin reactions, including:
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
- Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
- Erythema Multiforme
Symptoms to watch for include:
- Widespread rash
- Blistering
- Peeling skin
- Fever
- Flu-like symptoms
Blood Disorders
Terbinafine can cause blood disorders such as:
- Lymphopenia (a decrease in white blood cells)
- Neutropenia (another type of white blood cell decrease)
- Thrombotic Microangiopathy (TMA)
Symptoms to watch for include:
- Easy bruising
- Bleeding
- Fatigue
- Frequent infections
Other Serious Side Effects
Other serious side effects of terbinafine may include:
- Lupus-like symptoms
- Taste and smell disturbances, including loss of taste or smell
- Depression or mood changes
What to do
If you experience any of the serious side effects listed above, it’s important to seek immediate medical attention. Do not hesitate to contact emergency services or go to the nearest emergency room.
Long-term side effects and precautions
Terbinafine isn’t usually a medicine you’d take for months and months. But if you take it for a long time, there are a few things to keep in mind.
Potential liver issues
Taking terbinafine over a long period can sometimes affect your liver. That’s why it’s important for your doctor to check your liver function regularly while you’re on the medicine.
Drug interactions
Terbinafine can interact with other medications you may be taking, similar to Itraconazole and other antifungals. These include:
- antidepressants
- beta-blockers
- MAO-B inhibitors
- other antifungals
- blood thinners
- antibiotics
To avoid problems, tell your doctor about everything you’re taking.
Photosensitivity
Terbinafine can make you more sensitive to the sun. While taking it, be sure to wear sunscreen, wear protective clothing, and limit how much time you spend in direct sunlight.
Precautions for specific populations
If you have any of the following conditions, you should use terbinafine with caution:
- pre-existing liver conditions
- immune system issues
- lupus
Be sure to talk with your doctor about these conditions before taking the medication.
And if you take birth control pills, be aware that terbinafine might affect how well they work.
Managing side effects and when to consult a doctor
We’ve covered a lot of potential side effects, so let’s quickly recap some of the things you can do to manage the more common ones. Often, the best course of action is to tweak your diet, drink more water, and get some rest. Over-the-counter medications like Crystal Flush can help, too.
It’s important to remember that this information is not a substitute for professional medical advice. If you experience serious or persistent symptoms, do not try to diagnose or treat yourself. See a doctor right away.
The most important thing is to keep the lines of communication open with your healthcare provider. Let them know about any concerns you have or any unusual symptoms you experience. They can help you determine the best course of action and make sure you’re getting the care you need.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many people have had liver failure from terbinafine?
Liver failure due to terbinafine is rare, but it is a serious potential side effect. Exact numbers are difficult to pinpoint, but cases are documented. Your doctor will likely monitor your liver function with blood tests while you’re taking this medication.
Why can’t you drink coffee with terbinafine?
While not a strict contraindication, it’s generally advised to limit or avoid caffeine intake, including coffee, while taking terbinafine. Terbinafine can interfere with the metabolism of caffeine, potentially leading to increased anxiety, insomnia, and heart palpitations. Basically, it can amplify the effects of caffeine, and nobody wants that!
What not to do while taking terbinafine?
Avoid alcohol consumption as it can increase the risk of liver damage. Also, tell your doctor about all other medications and supplements you’re taking, as terbinafine can interact with several drugs. Sun exposure should be minimized, and you should use sunscreen, as terbinafine can increase sun sensitivity.
Is terbinafine a high-risk medication?
Terbinafine isn’t typically classified as a “high-risk” medication in the same category as, say, chemotherapy drugs. However, it does carry the risk of serious side effects, particularly liver problems, which necessitates monitoring and careful consideration before prescribing.
Does terbinafine make you feel weird?
Some people report feeling “weird” while taking terbinafine. This can manifest as fatigue, changes in taste, headaches, or gastrointestinal issues. If you experience unusual or concerning symptoms, it’s crucial to contact your doctor.
To Conclude
Terbinafine is a drug that can be very effective against fungal infections, but it can also cause side effects. Many of the common side effects are mild, but some of them can be serious. If you’re taking terbinafine and you notice signs of liver problems, skin reactions, or blood disorders, it’s important to seek medical attention right away.
It’s always a good idea to talk openly with your doctor about any medications you’re taking. Together, you can weigh the benefits and risks of taking terbinafine and decide whether it’s the right treatment option for you.