Nail fungus, also known as onychomycosis, is a common fungal infection that affects your nails. Usually, it’s your toenails that are affected, causing them to become discolored, thick, and even crumbly.
But is a nail fungus contagious? The answer is yes. This article will explain how nail fungus spreads, who is most at risk of catching it, and what you can do to prevent it.
It’s important to detect and treat nail fungus early on so you can stop it from spreading and avoid potential complications.
Understanding nail fungus
So, how does nail fungus happen?
What causes nail fungus?
Nail fungus is an infection caused by fungi that love warm, moist conditions. These fungi, called dermatophytes, cause about 90% of all nail infections.
The fungi can enter your nail through a small crack or cut in the skin around your nail.
Risk factors for nail fungus
Some things increase your risk of getting a nail fungus infection:
- Age: As you get older, your risk of infection increases. By age 70, about half of all people have experienced nail fungus.
- Underlying health conditions: Some illnesses, such as diabetes, poor circulation, and a weakened immune system, can increase your chances of getting nail fungus.
- Lifestyle factors: Sweating a lot, injuring your nail, and wearing closed-toe shoes for extended periods can all contribute to nail fungus.
- Artificial nails: If you frequently wear artificial nails, know that they can trap moisture and create an environment where fungus can grow.
How nail fungus spreads
Nail fungus is contagious, meaning it can spread from person to person. You can get it through direct contact with someone who has a nail fungus or by touching surfaces where the fungus lives.
Here’s how nail fungus spreads:
- Public places: Walking barefoot in places like swimming pools, locker rooms, and showers can expose you to the fungus. Wear sandals or flip-flops in these areas.
- Shared items: Sharing personal items like shoes, socks, nail clippers, and towels can spread the fungus. Don’t share these items, especially with people who you know have a fungal infection.
- Nail salons: If nail salons don’t properly clean and sanitize their tools, you can get a fungal infection. Make sure your nail salon follows strict hygiene practices.
It’s also important to know that athlete’s foot, another fungal infection, can lead to nail fungus. So, if you have athlete’s foot, treat it right away to prevent the fungus from spreading to your nails.
Spotting the symptoms and getting a diagnosis
Common symptoms of nail fungus
If you have a nail fungal infection, you may notice:
- Discoloration (yellow, white, brown, or black nails)
- Thickening of the nail plate
- Edges of the nail crumbling
- Distortion or changes in nail shape
Why a professional diagnosis matters
If you think you have a nail fungal infection, see a podiatrist or dermatologist to get a confirmed diagnosis.
A health professional can determine whether you really have a nail fungus and rule out other possible causes for the changes in your nails.
How to prevent nail fungus
You can take steps to prevent nail fungus from developing in the first place.
Good foot hygiene
Keep your feet clean and dry, especially between your toes, perhaps even trying a Listerine vinegar foot soak. Wash your feet regularly with soap and water, and dry them completely after washing.
Preventive measures
- Wear shoes and socks that let your feet breathe.
- Change your socks regularly, especially if your feet sweat a lot.
- Avoid walking barefoot in public places such as gyms and locker rooms.
- Trim toenails straight across to prevent ingrown nails, which can give fungi a chance to get in.
- Don’t share personal items like nail clippers and towels.
- Make sure any nail salons you visit follow sanitation practices.
Treat athlete’s foot
If you develop athlete’s foot, treat it right away to prevent it from spreading to your nails.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can you catch nail fungus from another person?
Yes, nail fungus is contagious, though not in the same way as, say, the flu. It typically spreads through direct contact, like sharing nail clippers, walking barefoot in public showers or pools, or prolonged skin-to-skin contact. The fungus thrives in warm, moist environments, making these areas prime breeding grounds.
Can nail fungus spread to hair?
Nail fungus itself won’t directly spread to your hair. However, the same type of fungus that causes nail infections (dermatophytes) can cause infections on the skin, including the scalp. If you have a fungal infection on your scalp, it’s a separate condition called tinea capitis, not a direct spread from your nails.
What kills nail fungus the fastest?
There’s no instant cure for nail fungus. The “fastest” methods usually involve prescription oral antifungal medications, which can have potential side effects. Topical treatments are generally slower but have fewer side effects. Laser therapy is another option, but its effectiveness varies. Consult your doctor for the best treatment plan for you.
Can nail fungus survive the washing machine?
While the washing machine can reduce the fungal load on clothing and bedding, it may not completely eradicate it, especially at lower temperatures. To effectively kill fungus, wash items in hot water (at least 140°F or 60°C) and use a bleach-based laundry detergent. Drying clothes on high heat can also help.
Should I cut my toenail off if it has fungus?
No, you should not attempt to cut off your toenail to get rid of the fungus. This can lead to infection and further complications. Instead, see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment. They may recommend trimming the nail regularly to allow topical medications to penetrate better, but leave the removal to a professional if necessary.
To Conclude
Nail fungus is contagious, but you can prevent it by practicing good hygiene and avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces. If you think you have a nail fungus, it’s important to get it treated right away to keep it from spreading and leading to complications.
By following the tips in this article, and considering natural remedies like coconut oil for toenail fungus, you can lower your chance of getting nail fungus and keep your nails healthy.