Nail fungus, also known as onychomycosis, is a common infection. It can cause your nails to change color, thicken, and even hurt. If you think you have nail fungus, including rarer types such as green nail fungus, it’s important to get it checked out and treated. Untreated nail fungus can spread and cause other problems.
There are a few different ways to treat nail fungus. Some treatments, like Emuaid Max, are applied directly to the nail (topical), and others are taken by mouth (oral). There are also some home remedies that people try, but there’s not much scientific proof that they work.
Topical treatments include special nail polishes and creams. Oral medications include terbinafine and itraconazole.
This article will help you understand how to apply better nail fungus treatment. We’ll talk about how well each treatment works, what the side effects might be, and things to think about before you start. It’s important to remember that everyone is different, and what works for one person might not work for another. That’s why it’s always best to talk to your doctor about the best treatment plan for you.
Identifying Nail Fungus and Assessing Severity
Nail fungus is gross, and it’s important to identify it correctly before you start treating it. Here’s what to look for:
- Thickened nails
- Discoloration (yellow, white, or brown)
- Brittle or crumbly nails
- A distorted shape
- A foul odor
Most often, a type of fungus called dermatophytes causes these infections. But sometimes, yeasts or molds may be the culprit, too.
While you might think you know what you’re dealing with, it’s important to see a doctor for a diagnosis. Self-diagnosing can be inaccurate, and a doctor can perform tests to identify the exact type of fungus causing the infection. This is important because different fungi may respond to different treatments.
The best treatment for you will depend on a few things:
- How severe the infection is
- How many nails are affected
- Your overall health
If the infection is mild and only affects a few nails, topical treatments are often the first choice. But if the infection is more severe or widespread, oral medications may be necessary.
How to apply topical treatments
If you’re dealing with nail fungus, you’re probably wondering about the best way to get rid of it. Topical treatments are a common choice, but it’s important to know how to use them right and what to expect. Let’s break down nail polishes, creams, and solutions, and how to get the most out of them.
Nail Polishes (like Ciclopirox)
Nail polishes can be a simple way to treat nail fungus, but they need to be used correctly.
Here’s how to apply them:
- Start by trimming and filing the affected nail to remove any loose pieces and smooth the surface.
- Apply the polish to the entire nail, making sure to cover the whole surface and the skin around it.
- Let the polish dry completely before you do anything else.
One of the most common nail polishes for fungus is called ciclopirox. Studies show it works for some people, but not everyone. After a year of using ciclopirox, about 30 out of 100 people saw their nail fungus go away. And only about 7 out of 100 were really happy with how their nail looked afterward.
Keep in mind that nail polishes have their limits. It can take up to a year to see the full results, and they’re often not as effective as taking medicine by mouth.
Creams and Solutions
Creams and solutions are another option for topical treatment. They can be a bit more involved, but they might be worth it.
Here’s how to apply them:
- Make sure the affected nail is clean and dry.
- Apply a thin layer of the cream or solution to the nail and the skin around it.
- If your doctor recommends it, cover the nail with a bandage.
Some treatments combine ingredients to make them more effective. For example, there’s a cream with urea and bifonazole that’s been shown to work better than urea alone in studies. In one short-term study, about 51 out of 100 people had no signs of fungus three months after using the cream.
Like nail polishes, creams and solutions also have limitations. You need to apply them consistently for several months to see results. And how well they work can depend on how bad the infection is.
Oral Medications: Dosage, Effectiveness, and Potential Side Effects
Oral medications are a common treatment for nail fungus, but they come with considerations regarding dosage, effectiveness, and potential side effects. It’s essential to discuss these factors with your doctor to determine the best course of action for your specific situation.
Terbinafine
Terbinafine (Lamisil) is usually taken daily for 12 weeks for toenail infections and 6 weeks for fingernail infections. However, treatment duration can vary depending on the severity of the infection and how well you respond to the medication. Your doctor will determine the appropriate dosage and duration for you.
Terbinafine is considered one of the more effective oral treatments for nail fungus, especially infections caused by dermatophytes (the most common type of nail fungus). Studies have shown that around 76% of people treated with terbinafine show no detectable fungal infection after three months of treatment.
Like all medications, terbinafine can cause side effects. Some potential side effects include liver problems, skin reactions (such as rash or itching), and drug interactions with certain medications. It’s crucial to inform your doctor about any other medications you’re taking to avoid potential interactions. Your doctor will likely monitor your liver function with blood tests during treatment.
Itraconazole
Itraconazole (Sporanox) can be taken continuously or in pulses (cycles of taking the medication followed by a break). The dosage and duration of treatment will vary depending on the severity of the infection and the chosen treatment method. Your doctor will determine the best approach for you.
Itraconazole is also effective against nail fungus, but studies suggest it may be slightly less effective than terbinafine. Around 43% of people treated with itraconazole show no detectable fungal infection after three months of treatment.
Potential side effects of itraconazole include heart problems, liver problems, and drug interactions with certain medications. It’s essential to inform your doctor about any pre-existing heart conditions or other medications you’re taking. Your doctor will likely monitor your liver function with blood tests during treatment.
Fluconazole
Fluconazole (Diflucan) is generally considered a last resort option for nail fungus due to its longer treatment duration and potential for side effects. Your doctor may consider fluconazole if other treatments are not suitable or have been ineffective.
Fluconazole is generally considered less effective than terbinafine and itraconazole for treating nail fungus. It often requires a longer duration of treatment to achieve results.
Potential side effects of fluconazole include liver problems and drug interactions with certain medications. Your doctor will carefully consider the risks and benefits of fluconazole before prescribing it and will monitor your liver function during treatment.
Better treatment: Combine therapies and add helpful methods
Sometimes, the best way to treat nail fungus is to come at it from different angles. Using more than one type of treatment at the same time can really improve your chances of getting rid of the fungus.
Combine topical and oral treatments
Topical treatments work on the surface of the nail, while oral medications work inside your body to fight the fungus throughout your system. Using them together can be a powerful approach.
For example, your doctor might prescribe oral terbinafine along with topical ciclopirox, or oral itraconazole with topical amorolfine. There is some evidence that combining treatments helps.
Be aware that using more than one treatment at the same time can be both good and bad. On the one hand, it could be more effective. On the other hand, it could also increase your chances of having side effects.
Nail debridement and other helpful methods
Nail debridement means removing any thickened or infected parts of your nail. This can help topical medications get deeper into the nail and work better.
There are a couple of ways to do nail debridement. One way is with chemicals, using products that contain urea. Another way is to physically remove the bad parts of the nail using files or clippers.
You might also hear about other methods, like laser therapy or photodynamic therapy. But there’s not a lot of solid proof that these methods really work.
Home remedies and alternative treatments: Evaluating the evidence
If you’ve searched for nail fungus treatments online, you’ve probably seen recommendations for home remedies. Some of the most common include:
- Tea tree oil: This oil is thought to have antifungal properties.
- Vinegar: The acidity of vinegar is believed to slow or stop fungal growth.
- Baking soda: Baking soda is said to create an alkaline environment that’s not conducive to fungal growth.
But here’s the thing: There’s not a lot of scientific proof that these things actually work. Sure, you might find people online who swear by them, but personal stories aren’t the same as solid research.
It’s important to be cautious about relying only on home remedies. Using them could delay you from getting treatments that are proven to be effective. It could also make the infection worse or lead to other problems. When it comes to nail fungus, it’s best to talk to a doctor or podiatrist and follow their recommendations.
Preventing recurrence and maintaining nail health
So, you’ve finally kicked that pesky nail fungus to the curb. Congrats! But the fight’s not over. Nail fungus is notorious for making a comeback, so here’s how to keep your nails healthy and fungus-free.
Hygiene is key
- Keep those nails squeaky clean and dry. Fungus thrives in damp environments, so make sure to dry your feet and hands thoroughly after washing.
- Trim your nails regularly. This helps prevent the fungus from having a place to hide and grow.
- Don’t share nail clippers or files. It’s like sharing a toothbrush – a surefire way to spread germs and, yes, fungus.
Breathable footwear is your friend
- Avoid those tight, sweaty shoes that trap moisture. Give your feet some room to breathe!
- Choose socks made of absorbent materials like cotton or wool. These will wick away sweat and keep your feet dry.
Antifungal powders and sprays are your secret weapon
Spritzing your shoes and socks with an antifungal powder or spray is like creating a fungal force field. It helps prevent those pesky spores from taking root.
Regular foot exams are a must
Keep an eye on your nails and feet for any signs of infection. If you notice anything suspicious, don’t hesitate to see a podiatrist. They can diagnose and treat any problems early on, before they become a bigger headache (or, rather, footache!).
Frequently Asked Questions
What worsens toenail fungus?
Several factors can worsen toenail fungus, including wearing tight-fitting shoes that create a warm, moist environment, poor foot hygiene, nail injuries, and underlying health conditions like diabetes or a weakened immune system. It’s also worsened by not treating it promptly.
Do I need to throw away my shoes if I have toenail fungus?
It’s not always necessary to throw away your shoes, but it’s a good idea to disinfect them regularly. Use an antifungal spray or powder inside your shoes to kill any lingering fungus spores and prevent reinfection. Consider replacing shoes that are old, worn, or contribute to a sweaty environment.
How do you use the product Better Nails?
For optimal results, apply Better Nails directly to the affected toenail(s) after properly preparing the nail by filing it down and cleaning the surface. Follow the application instructions on the product label, typically involving applying a thin layer once or twice daily. Consistency is key for effective treatment.
What can be mistaken for nail fungus?
Several conditions can mimic nail fungus, including nail psoriasis, nail trauma, bacterial infections, and certain types of eczema. If you’re unsure whether you have nail fungus, it’s best to consult with a doctor or podiatrist for an accurate diagnosis.
Should I cut my toenail off if it has fungus?
No, you should not attempt to cut your toenail off if it has fungus. Cutting your toenail off yourself can lead to infection and further complications. Instead, consult with a healthcare professional, such as a podiatrist, who can determine the best course of treatment, which might include oral or topical antifungal medications, laser treatment, or, in rare cases, surgical removal of the nail performed under sterile conditions.
In Summary
If you have a mild case of nail fungus, a topical treatment might be enough to get rid of it. More serious infections might need oral medications, which tend to be more effective than topical treatments. Some people may find that a combination of treatments works best for them.
When it comes to treating nail fungus, it’s important to talk to your doctor. He or she can help you decide which treatment is right for you, based on how severe your infection is, your overall health, and any potential side effects of the medications.
Taking care of your feet and keeping them clean can help prevent nail fungus from coming back. Good hygiene and regular foot care are important for long-term nail health. If you think you have nail fungus, talk to your doctor about the best way to treat it and keep it from coming back.