Toenail fungus, also known as onychomycosis, is a common fungal infection that affects toenails. It can also affect fingernails, but it’s much more common in the feet. It’s estimated that around 14% of people worldwide have toenail fungus.
Before heading to the doctor for prescription medications, many people want to try to tackle toenail fungus with home remedies. For some, this less-aggressive approach is all that’s needed to clear up the infection.
This article explores some of the more popular fungus in nails home remedies, how well they work, and when it’s time to see a doctor instead.
Understanding toenail fungus
Toenail fungus can be frustrating and unsightly, but understanding it is the first step toward getting rid of it.
Causes and risk factors
Fungal infections of the toenail are caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds. These organisms thrive in warm, moist environments, so your feet are especially vulnerable.
Risk factors for toenail fungus include:
- wearing closed-toe shoes for a long time
- not keeping your feet clean and dry
- having a condition that affects your immune system
- having diabetes
- having athlete’s foot
Symptoms of toenail fungus
If you’ve got toenail fungus, you may notice:
- that your nail is getting thicker
- discoloration (yellowing or browning)
- brittleness or crumbling
- a misshapen or distorted nail
Topical home remedies
If you’re looking for some DIY treatments for nail fungus, here are some of the most popular topical home remedies:
Tea tree oil
Tea tree oil has natural antifungal properties. To use it, mix a few drops of tea tree oil with a carrier oil, such as coconut oil or olive oil, and apply it to the affected nail twice a day.
One study showed that 18 percent of participants experienced complete clearance of nail fungus after six months, with 56 percent showing noticeable improvement.
Vicks VapoRub
Vicks VapoRub is a mentholated topical ointment. It has shown positive clinical effects in treating toenail fungus. To use it, apply Vicks VapoRub to the affected area at least once a day. Use a cotton swab to apply it under the nail three or four times a week.
In a 2011 study, 15 out of 18 participants showed positive results, with nearly 28 percent clinically cured and more than 55 percent showing partial clearance after 48 weeks.
Oregano oil
Oregano oil contains thymol, which has antifungal and antibacterial properties. Apply tea tree oil or oregano oil to the affected nail twice daily, but what about other unconventional remedies, like breast milk for nail fungus?
Use caution when combining oregano and tea tree oil.
Ozonated oils
Ozonated sunflower oil has been shown to be as effective as antifungal cream. Apply ozonated oil to infected toenails twice a day for three months.
Garlic
Garlic has potential antifungal properties. To use it, crush garlic cloves and apply the paste to the affected nail. Cover with a bandage and leave it on for 30 minutes daily. You can also take garlic capsules as directed on the product label.
Soaking remedies
Soaking your feet can be a helpful way to deliver home remedies for nail fungus, but can Epsom salt help? What do the experts say? Here are some popular soaking solutions:
Apple cider vinegar
Apple cider vinegar has antimicrobial properties, which means it can affect bacteria and fungi. Some people use it to treat nail fungus.
To use it, mix equal parts apple cider vinegar and water in a basin. You can soak your feet for 15 to 20 minutes every day.
Another method is to mix one part apple cider vinegar to two parts warm water. Soak your affected foot for up to 20 minutes daily.
Baking soda
Baking soda is another popular home remedy for nail fungus.
To use it, mix baking soda with water to create a paste. Apply the paste to the affected nail and let it sit for 10 to 15 minutes. Rinse off daily.
Listerine mouthwash
Listerine contains antiseptic ingredients. That’s why some people soak their feet in it to treat nail fungus.
To use it, submerge your foot and nails in Listerine for 15 minutes, two to three times per week. Or, soak your affected foot in a basin of Listerine for 30 minutes daily.
Lifestyle and dietary considerations
Besides those home remedies, you can also make changes to your lifestyle to deal with nail fungus.
Foot hygiene
- Wash and dry your feet every day, especially between your toes.
- Keep your toenails trimmed, clean, and dry.
Footwear and socks
- Choose breathable shoes.
- Change your socks frequently.
- Use antifungal powder in your shoes.
Dietary adjustments
- Eat more fruits and vegetables and foods that boost your immune system.
- Avoid alcohol, refined carbohydrates, and foods that contain a lot of sugar.
WHEN HOME REMEDIES AREN’T ENOUGH: KNOWING WHEN TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL HELP
Home remedies work for many people, but sometimes you need to see a doctor. Schedule an appointment if:
- You’re experiencing extreme pain or discomfort.
- The fungus is spreading to other nails or the skin around your nails.
- You’ve been using home remedies for a few months, and nothing is improving.
- You have diabetes or a weakened immune system. People with these conditions need to be especially careful about infections, and should talk with their doctor for the best treatment plan.
Frequently Asked Questions
What not to do with nail fungus
First, don’t ignore it! Nail fungus won’t magically disappear. Avoid covering it with nail polish for extended periods, as this can trap moisture and worsen the infection. Also, don’t share nail clippers or files, as this can spread the fungus to others. Finally, avoid picking at or attempting to cut off the infected nail yourself, as this can lead to further complications.
What kills fungus better, alcohol or hydrogen peroxide?
While both alcohol and hydrogen peroxide have some antifungal properties, neither is particularly effective against nail fungus. They might help to disinfect the area, but they won’t penetrate the nail to kill the fungus at its source. More effective antifungal treatments, like tea tree oil or prescription medications, are generally recommended.
Should I cut my toenail off if it has fungus?
Absolutely not! Cutting off your toenail yourself is highly discouraged. It can lead to infection, improper regrowth, and other complications. If the nail is severely damaged or causing pain, consult a podiatrist. They may recommend a partial or complete nail removal procedure performed in a sterile medical setting.
What is the strongest antifungal over-the-counter?
Over-the-counter antifungal treatments often contain ingredients like tolnaftate or clotrimazole. However, their effectiveness against nail fungus is limited because they struggle to penetrate the nail plate. For more stubborn cases, a prescription-strength antifungal medication from your doctor is usually required.
Should I wear socks to bed with toenail fungus?
It’s generally recommended to wear clean, breathable socks to bed if you have toenail fungus. Socks help absorb moisture and prevent the spread of the fungus. Opt for cotton or wool socks, and change them daily. Consider using antifungal powder in your socks for added protection.
Final Thoughts
Home remedies can be effective for mild cases of toenail fungus. However, if your symptoms are getting worse or don’t improve with home treatment, it’s important to talk with your doctor or a podiatrist. They can help you figure out the best way to treat your infection.