Dark toenails are a common problem. Whether you’ve noticed a subtle darkening or a more dramatic change in color, you’re definitely not alone in wondering what’s going on.
There are many reasons why your toenails might change color. Understanding the cause is key to figuring out the best way to lighten dark toenails and get your feet looking their best.
Because there are so many potential causes of toenail discoloration, it’s important to get a professional diagnosis and treatment plan from a qualified medical professional.
Common causes of dark toenails
There are several reasons why your toenails may be discolored.
Fungal infections (onychomycosis)
Fungal infections are one of the most common causes of dark toenails. Often, these infections start as athlete’s foot and can spread to the toenails, causing them to turn yellow or brown and thicken.
Toenails are more likely to be affected than fingernails because wearing shoes creates a moist environment where fungus can thrive.
Signs of a fungal nail infection include:
- Thickened, brittle, discolored nails that appear to be infected with fungus
- A build-up of debris under the nail plate
Trauma and bruising
Injuries to your feet or toes can also lead to dark toenails. Bruises (subungual hematomas) appear as black or purple discolorations under the nail. This happens when the nail is injured, and small blood vessels bleed underneath the nail, staining it darker.
Even repeated micro-trauma, like you might experience when running or hiking, can cause discoloration.
Other potential causes
Less common causes of dark toenails include dark stripes (linear melanonychia), which can sometimes indicate a serious underlying condition that requires medical evaluation. Certain medical conditions, vitamin deficiencies, and genetics can also play a role.
Home remedies for lightening dark toenails
A wide range of home remedies may help lighten dark toenails. But be aware that there’s not much science behind some of these, and you should proceed carefully.
Apple cider vinegar soaks
Apple cider vinegar contains acetic acid and alpha hydroxy acid. These acids give it anti-fungal, antiseptic, and antimicrobial properties that some people believe can fight fungal nails. If you have a fungal nail, treating it might lighten its appearance.
To try this remedy, soak your toes for at least 10 minutes in a mixture of one part vinegar (either white or apple cider vinegar) to three parts warm water.
Tea tree oil
Some sources suggest that tea tree oil is another way to fight fungus. To try this remedy, apply 100% tea tree oil to the nail that is discolored.
Other home remedies
Some people try soaking their feet in baking soda or applying crushed garlic paste to the nail. Others swear by Vicks VapoRub.
Keep in mind that home remedies may take a long time to show results. If you’re trying one of these, be prepared to stick with it for weeks or months.
Professional Treatments for Dark Toenails
If home remedies don’t clear up the discoloration on your toenails, there are other options to consider.
Topical Antifungal Medications
If you have a fungal infection, a doctor might prescribe a topical treatment like amorolfine, efinaconazole, tavaborole, or ciclopirox. The problem is, these medications don’t always penetrate the nail very well, which can make treatment difficult.
To increase the chances of success, it’s important to trim and file your toenails before you apply a topical treatment.
Oral Antifungal Medications
For more severe infections, your doctor might prescribe an oral medication like fluconazole, griseofulvin, itraconazole, or terbinafine. These medications tend to work better because they’re absorbed into your bloodstream and can reach the infection more effectively.
It’s important to be aware that oral medications can have side effects, so your doctor will need to monitor you closely while you’re taking them.
Laser Therapy
Laser treatments can be effective for certain fungal infections. The laser works by targeting the fungus that’s causing the infection and destroying it with heat.
Clinical cure rates for laser therapy vary, but they typically range from 60% to 75%.
Prevention and Good Foot Hygiene
The best way to deal with dark toenails is to avoid getting them in the first place! Prevention is especially important because you can easily get a reinfection if you’re not careful.
Here are some ways to maintain good foot hygiene:
- Wear shoes that fit properly and aren’t too tight.
- Wear socks that absorb sweat, and change your socks often.
- Avoid walking barefoot in public places.
- Go to nail salons that you know are reputable and use proper sanitation practices.
- Use separate toenail clippers for healthy and infected nails.
- Treat your old shoes with antifungal powders or disinfectants.
By following these tips, you can keep your feet healthy and avoid future toenail discoloration.
Frequently Asked Questions
How can I lighten my black toenails?
Lightening black toenails depends on the cause. If it’s due to trauma (like a bruise), time is the best healer. Keep the area clean and dry. If it’s a fungal infection or other medical condition, consult a doctor for appropriate treatment. Over-the-counter remedies may lighten staining but won’t address the underlying issue.
What is the best homemade foot soak for toenail fungus?
While not a guaranteed cure, some people find relief with foot soaks containing ingredients like apple cider vinegar, tea tree oil, or Epsom salts. These may help create an environment less favorable for fungal growth. Always dilute essential oils properly and consult a doctor for confirmed fungal infections.
How do you get rid of thick, dark toenails?
Thick, dark toenails are often a sign of a fungal infection (onychomycosis). Treatment usually involves prescription antifungal medications, either topical or oral, prescribed by a doctor. In some cases, a doctor might recommend removing part or all of the nail.
Does hydrogen peroxide get rid of toenail fungus?
Hydrogen peroxide has antiseptic properties and might help prevent the spread of fungus, but it’s generally not considered an effective treatment for established toenail fungus infections. It might lighten discoloration, but it won’t eradicate the fungus itself.
What one cup of this will destroy your nail fungus?
Be very wary of claims that a single ingredient can “destroy” nail fungus. While some home remedies might offer temporary relief, effective treatment for fungal infections often requires prescription medication from a doctor. Don’t rely solely on unverified online remedies.
Conclusion
If you’re concerned about dark toenails, the most important thing to do is get medical advice. If the discoloration doesn’t go away, it’s important for your doctor to take a look. If you think a fungus might be the cause, a dermatologist can help.
To keep your toenails healthy, wear proper shoes, keep your feet clean, and treat any problems quickly.